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               Virtual Security Research, LLC.
                  https://www.vsecurity.com/
                      Security Advisory

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Advisory Name: WebSense content filter bypass when deployed in     
         conjunction with Cisco filtering devices
 Release Date: 2006-05-08
  Application: Websense in Conjunction with Cisco PIX
      Version: Websense 5.5.2
               Cisco PIX OS / ASA < 7.0.4.12
               Cisco PIX OS < 6.3.5(112)
               FWSM 2.3.x
               FWSM 3.x
               (other versions untested)
     Severity: Low
       Author: George D. Gal <ggal_at_vsecurity.com>
Vendor Status: Vendor Notified, Fix Available
CVE Candidate: CVE-2006-0515
    Reference:
https://www.vsecurity.com/bulletins/advisories/2006/cisco-websense-bypass.txt
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Product Description:

>>From the WebSense website[1]:


 "Websense Enterprise, the industry-leading web filtering solution,
  improves employee productivity, reduces legal liability, and optimizes
  the use of IT resources. Websense Enterprise integrates seamlessly
  with leading network infrastructure products to offer unequaled
  flexibility and control."


Vulnerability Overview:

On August 9th, 2005 VSR has identified the ability to bypass the
Websense URL filtering capabilities when used in conjunction with the
Cisco PIX for web content filtering.  Shortly thereafter another
security researcher [sledge.hammer(a+t)sinhack.net] had published[2] a
proof-of-concept for evading the URL filtering performed by Websense
claiming that Websense has failed to address the issue. However, the
vulnerability has been verified by Cisco as a problem which relies
within its handling of filtered requests.


Vulnerability Details:

The vulnerability exists primarily due to the manner in which Cisco PIX
and other Cisco filtering devices handle split packets in conjunction
with Websense Enterprise integration.

For each HTTP request the Cisco PIX or other Cisco device forwards
individual packets to Websense to determine whether or not the request
should be permitted.
However, when splitting the HTTP request into two or more packets on the
HTTP method it is possible to circumvent the filtering mechanism.

Additionally, requests using this fragmented approach do not appear to
be logged within Websense indicating that the request is never sent to
Websense for policy inspection.

The simplest form required to exploit this vulnerability is to fragment
the first character of the HTTP request, followed by a single TCP packet
for subsequent data (e.g. setting the PSH flag on the individual packets).

Virtual Security Research has created a utility[3] to demonstrate the
ability to bypass Websense filtering for the affected versions of Cisco
filtering devices enumerated in this advisory header. You may download
and run this utility at your own risk from:

 https://www.vsecurity.com/tools/WebsenseBypassProxy.java

The following Snort output demonstrates the fragmented request capable
of bypassing Websense:

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11/04-10:06:36.260991 0:B:DB:DE:19:87 -> 0:0:C:7:AC:5 type:0x800 len:0x43
10.254.5.113:58034 -> 82.165.25.125:80 TCP TTL:64 TOS:0x0 ID:1534
IpLen:20 DgmLen:53 DF
***AP*** Seq: 0xF5B80F51  Ack: 0x21D6E47  Win: 0x8040  TcpLen: 32
TCP Options (3) => NOP NOP TS: 148674 160066961
47                                               G

=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+

11/04-10:06:36.359288 0:30:7B:93:19:4C -> 0:B:DB:DE:19:87 type:0x800
len:0x42
82.165.25.125:80 -> 10.254.5.113:58034 TCP TTL:49 TOS:0x0 ID:36972
IpLen:20 DgmLen:52 DF
***A**** Seq: 0x21D6E47  Ack: 0xF5B80F52  Win: 0x16A0  TcpLen: 32
TCP Options (3) => NOP NOP TS: 160066973 148674

=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+

11/04-10:06:36.359387 0:B:DB:DE:19:87 -> 0:0:C:7:AC:5 type:0x800 len:0x185
10.254.5.113:58034 -> 82.165.25.125:80 TCP TTL:64 TOS:0x0 ID:1535
IpLen:20 DgmLen:375 DF
***AP*** Seq: 0xF5B80F52  Ack: 0x21D6E47  Win: 0x8040  TcpLen: 32
TCP Options (3) => NOP NOP TS: 148683 160066973
45 54 20 2F 66 61 76 69 63 6F 6E 2E 69 63 6F 20  ET /favicon.ico
48 54 54 50 2F 31 2E 31 0D 0A 48 6F 73 74 3A 20  HTTP/1.1..Host:
77 77 77 2E 70 68 72 61 63 6B 2E 6F 72 67 0D 0A  www.phrack.org..
55 73 65 72 2D 41 67 65 6E 74 3A 20 4D 6F 7A 69  User-Agent: Mozi
6C 6C 61 2F 35 2E 30 20 28 58 31 31 3B 20 55 3B  lla/5.0 (X11; U;
20 46 72 65 65 42 53 44 20 69 33 38 36 3B 20 65   FreeBSD i386; e
6E 2D 55 53 3B 20 72 76 3A 31 2E 37 2E 39 29 20  n-US; rv:1.7.9)
47 65 63 6B 6F 2F 32 30 30 35 30 37 31 38 20 46  Gecko/20050718 F
69 72 65 66 6F 78 2F 31 2E 30 2E 35 0D 0A 41 63  irefox/1.0.5..Ac
63 65 70 74 3A 20 69 6D 61 67 65 2F 70 6E 67 2C  cept: image/png,
2A 2F 2A 3B 71 3D 30 2E 35 0D 0A 41 63 63 65 70  */*;q=0.5..Accep
74 2D 4C 61 6E 67 75 61 67 65 3A 20 65 6E 2D 75  t-Language: en-u
73 2C 65 6E 3B 71 3D 30 2E 35 0D 0A 41 63 63 65  s,en;q=0.5..Acce
70 74 2D 45 6E 63 6F 64 69 6E 67 3A 20 67 7A 69  pt-Encoding: gzi
70 2C 64 65 66 6C 61 74 65 0D 0A 41 63 63 65 70  p,deflate..Accep
74 2D 43 68 61 72 73 65 74 3A 20 49 53 4F 2D 38  t-Charset: ISO-8
38 35 39 2D 31 2C 75 74 66 2D 38 3B 71 3D 30 2E  859-1,utf-8;q=0.
37 2C 2A 3B 71 3D 30 2E 37 0D 0A 4B 65 65 70 2D  7,*;q=0.7..Keep-
41 6C 69 76 65 3A 20 63 6C 6F 73 65 0D 0A 43 6F  Alive: close..Co
6E 6E 65 63 74 69 6F 6E 3A 20 63 6C 6F 73 65 0D  nnection: close.
0A 0D 0A                                         ...

=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+

11/04-10:06:36.458004 0:30:7B:93:19:4C -> 0:B:DB:DE:19:87 type:0x800
len:0x42
82.165.25.125:80 -> 10.254.5.113:58034 TCP TTL:49 TOS:0x0 ID:55157
IpLen:20 DgmLen:52 DF
***A**** Seq: 0x21D6E47  Ack: 0xF5B81095  Win: 0x1920  TcpLen: 32
TCP Options (3) => NOP NOP TS: 160066982 148683

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Vendor Response:

WebSense and Cisco were first notified on 2005-11-04. While no responses
or acknowledgments were received from Websense the following time line
outlines the responses from Cisco regarding this issue:

 2005-11-04 - Acknowledgment of security notification
 2005-12-02 - Subsequent follow-up and response from Cisco to determine
        cause of observed behavior
 2006-01-04 - Subsequent follow-up and response from Cisco acknowledging
        issue is being addressed by development teams
 2006-01-30 - Estimated release of PIX code for 7.0.4 release is
        2/20/2006
 2006-02-17 - Notified by Cisco that fix will not make estimated
          delivery date due to regression issues, new release data
        of 3/20/2006 provided
 2006-03-06 - Status update from vendor on new date, targets on track   
        for 7.0 PIX OS release
 2006-03-13 - Confirmation from Cisco on 3/20 code release
 2006-03-17 - Communications from Cisco notifying VSR of other potential
        products affected (FWSM).
 2006-03-24 - Communications received from Cisco acknowledging
        communication with FWSM team
 2006-04-04 - Communication received from Cisco acknowledging FWSM
        vulnerability
 2006-04-07 - Communications from Cisco confirming fixes for FWSM 2.3.x
        and 3.x PSIRT awaiting release date for code
 2006-04-14 - Communications from Cisco providing coordination details
        with FWSM team
 2006-04-18 - Communications from Cisco providing build details
        incorporating fixes for FWSM products
 2006-04-26 - Communications from Cisco providing details and update on
        FWSM testing and release availability; coordination for
        advisory release
 2006-05-04 - Communications from Cisco for advisory release
        coordination

Recommendation:

Cisco PIX/ASA and FWSM customers should apply the latest upgrades from
vendor:

   PIX OS 7.0.x upgrade is:
  7.0.4.12

    available at:
  https://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/tablebuild.pl/pix-interim
  https://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/tablebuild.pl/asa-interim


   PIX OS 6.3 upgrade is:
  6.3.5(112)

    available by customer request via the Cisco TAC


   FWSM 2.3.x upgrade is:
  2.3(4)

    available at:
  https://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/tablebuild.pl/cat6000-fwsm

   FWSM 3.x upgrade is:
  3.1(1.7)

    available by customer request via the Cisco TAC



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Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) Information:

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) project has assigned
the following names to these issues.  These are candidates for
inclusion in the CVE list (https://cve.mitre.org), which standardizes
names for security problems.

  CVE-2006-0515

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References:

1.  WebSense Enterprise
    https://www.websense.com/global/en/ProductsServices/WebsenseEnterprise/

2.  Sinhack.net URL Filtering Evasion
    https://sinhack.net/URLFilteringEvasion/

3.  Proof-of-Concept WebSense Bypass utility
    https://www.vsecurity.com/tools/WebsenseBypassProxy.java

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Vulnerability Disclosure Policy:

https://www.vsecurity.com/disclosurepolicy.html

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Copyright 2006 Virtual Security Research, LLC. All rights reserved.


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